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Share this post. Newer Post Older Post Home. Subscribe to: Post Comments Atom. Analyze the structure using the Nonlinear Dynamic Procedure?
Nonlinear Modeling for NSP: A model that considers material nonlinearity in all elements which comprise it including: 1. Likely plastic hinge regions modeled with FEMA nonlinear hinges. Material stress strain relationships assigned to concrete, steel, masonry, Fiber Reinforced Polymer FRP and clay tile structural elements etc.
HCT in shear. HCT in compress. Qy — yield force. The Engineer must use these relationships along with definitions for points a, b, c, and d to define material nonlinearity. NC — Nonconforming transverse steel. Example 12 NL load combos takes 20 hours to solve. Elastic-Perfect Plastic. This is done by: 1. C1 — inelastic scale factor. Te — effective first mode period. Nonlinear Modeling Process: 2. Push the model, using inertial forces applied to the model in proportion to the first mode shape, to the target displacement and define the Static Pushover Curve for the building.
The target displacement will vary for each major direction of the structure. This process is iterative and time consuming. Nonlinear Modeling Process: 3. Define R based on the results of the push over analysis. R is a measure of system stability. Rmax is a measure of system ductility. Cm — mass effective in the first mode and Vy is the structure first yield force. Vy — structure first yield, W str weight, Sa — response spectra acceleration at Te. Nonlinear Modeling Process: 4.
Each of the parts of the structure need to be designed to withstand these forces. Thus, special care needs to be taken with the corner of the building and the end of the roof.
Exam 1. If the building is "Enclosed", what does that imply? The building windows must be covered or impact resistant B. There are minimal openings 4 sf. You might use the Simplified Procedure D.
All the above 2. To be low rise, the building must: A. Have windows that are covered or impact resistant B. Be taller than wide C. Be more than 60 feet tall D. None of the above 3. To be "regular" shaped, a structure must: A.
Have openings that are of normal glass B. Have no unusual geometrical irregularity C. Have no spatial function D.
None of the above 4. To be allowed to use the "Simplified Procedure", the building: A. Must have a roof less than 37 degrees for gable or less than 30 degrees for hip B. Must have a roof less than or equal to 45 degrees for gable C. Must have a roof less than 25 degrees for gable or less than 37 degrees for hip D. None of the above 5. The Topographic Factor is relative to the: A. Category and number of occupants C.
Escarpment and ridge D. None of the above 6. Where is the highest pressure in a positive direction-toward the structure on the end of a building with the wind from that direction?
Zone A at the corner B. Zone B on the side C. Zone C remainder of the end D. Zone D remainder of the side 7. How does one relate "2a" to the width of the building?
How do you relate the "2a" dimension to the roof height? It has no relation B. What is the minimum dimension for "2a"? Larger of 8 percent of the width or 10 percent of the height B. Smaller of 8 percent of the width or 3 feet C. Smaller of 8 percent of the width or 6 feet D. Larger of 8 percent of the width or 6 feet Where is the strongest suction pressure on a structure the wind on the side of the structure?
Zone A side of wall B. Zone E end of roof C. Zone C remainder of wall D. Wind Load. Calculating Wind load. Wind Load Safe. Wind Load Costales. Wind Load Truss. Wind Load Arched Roof. Wind Load and Roof Load Calculation.
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