Joubin eds. Locally, Koreans find difficulty in accepting it as authentically theirs. Indeed, nowhere is the dual- ity of myths demonstrated in its absolute binary sense better than in Korea, where shamanism is culturally divided between the folkloric musok tradi- tion of ecstatic performance, and the magico-religious mugyo tradition of local ancestor worship Seo , Tracing back over five thousand years, Korean shamanism has for centuries jostled for national acceptance, especially after the arrival of the externally imposed doctrinal forces of Buddhism and Confucianism Seo , Musok myth as folklore now dominates the shamanic scene.
It is musok shamanism—superimposed on Koreanized Hamlet productions and re-exported globally—which is the principal focus of this chapter. Although occasionally filmed in less than ideal lighting conditions, the Australian recording mir- rors precisely the play performed that damp Saturday evening to its atten- tive Peacock audience.
Attentive the audience needed to be. What was the significance of the boxlike three-sided set, selectively lit like a huge pictorial crossword puzzle, its colourful floor-to-ceiling building-block panels portraying images that evoked Eastern deities, spir- its, and mythical figures?
Why did the central acting area float in a sea of ivory-white rice, which later hindered the free movement of actors as it crunched noisily underfoot? What sounds would erupt from the weighty ethnic percussion instruments resting mute on either side of stage?
The unfamiliarity of these images, certainly for Western audience mem- bers, ensured that some felt geographically distanced and culturally disad- vantaged before the play even began. As such post-production analyses confirm, a certain level of globalized kquarmby css. For the Yohangza Hamlet, its non- Korean voyeurs were equally disadvantaged, although perhaps, in this instance, somewhat unnecessarily.
Confused by the half-page commentary and eager to learn more, the author of this chapter turned to his London-based Korean student neigh- bour for enlightenment. The addition of shamanic ritual, gut exorcism, and symbolic rice might be con- sidered an aggregated myth by Yang, but an appreciation of its localized cultural significance proved less than universal among audience members and reviewers, some of whom shared the same national heritage.
The cultural longevity and kquarmby css. Considered since the s a protected folk tradition and performance art, shamanic rituals have become objects of cultural conservation, light entertainment, and tourist display. One such mudang, the renowned octogenarian Keum-hwa Kim, is the subject of a gut-inspired documentary film, Manshin: Ten Thousand Spirits , shown at select arthouse festivals in the US and Canada.
Nonetheless, the traditional view of the shaman totally possessed by a spirit or object still prevails, with the perfor- mance process elided from critical view. In Korea, by contrast, where shamanism is associated with the ancient practice of ancestor worship, an openly acknowledged performance process developed in unique partnership with the shamanic ritual practitioners entrusted with its care.
These same ancestral gods and dei- ties are celebrated in the colourful enshrined paintings that cover the walls of shamanic ritual houses, recreated with block-like intensity for the Yohangza Hamlet set. Because of her dis- tinctively material and spiritual performative function, the Korean mudang developed, therefore, into a highly theatricalized female ritualist who incor- porated dance, music, and earthy humour into her ceremonies Zarrilli , Shamanism became, in conse- quence, confined to its female sphere of influence.
Excluded kquarmby css. My poor brother. What kept you? I was so alone and lonely. The water was cold, dark, and scary. With revenge and suicide as key features, it might appear obvious why Yang should equate han interculturally with Hamlet. Annexed by Japan between and after many centuries of Sino-Japanese conflict over the region, Korea consequently suffered the near extinction of sha- manism as it was forced to adopt the Shinto mythical practices of its over- seers Caprio , By the s, the shaman mudang superstar was born.
Unusually immune to postcolonial ire because non-representative of Japanese oppression, Shakespeare became the shamanic medium for com- municating Koreanness to theatre audiences as early as the mids.
Employing themes, sounds, and images closely associated with shamanism, theatre directors embraced these ancient ritual elements to create distinc- tively Korean Shakespeare identities. Unfortunately, Im argues, the resulting kquarmby css. Indeed, of the Shakespeare plays performed in Korea since alone, eighty- eight have been versions of Hamlet, which equates to twenty-three per cent Nam , Like the superstar mudang accorded National Living Treasure status, Hamlet seems likewise revered as a Korean cultural icon.
Korean productions of Hamlet might fulfil their nationalist agendas by referencing a reconstituted ancient gut ritual, but it will take several gen- erations of exposure to this mythic aggregate before all Koreans embrace and accept it as their collective own.
But you have to restrain your desire to know what transpired between us. As you are my friends, fellow students, and soldiers of Denmark, grant me one small request. Yes, you have sworn it; but now swear on my sword [because the handle resembles the cross of Christ]. Are you there, old pal? Agree to swear. Come here, gentlemen, and place your hands again upon my sword.
Can you tunnel through the ground that fast? What a good miner you are! But trust me, Horatio, there are more things in this universe than what they taught us in school. Now, swear. Things are not right, and I'm the only one who can fix them! P lay M enu. Sign in Sign in Register. Sign in with Clever Sign in with Google. Search Close Menu. Back to the Play. Act 1,. Scene 5. Hamlet Where are you taking me? I'll go no further. Ghost Listen to me. Hamlet I will. Ghost My time is almost up.
Hamlet Oh, poor ghost! Hamlet Speak. Hamlet What? Ghost I am the ghost of your father, condemned for a certain period of time to roam the nights, while during the day I burn in flames until the sins that I committed during my lifetime have been purged from my soul. Hamlet Oh, God! Ghost You must avenge this horrible and unnatural murder! Hamlet Murder?
Ghost A horrible murder as all murders are , but this one was horrible, strange, and unnatural. Hamlet Hurry up and tell me so that my act of revenge can be as quick as my thoughts. Some of the techniques listed in Hamlet may require a sound knowledge of Hypnosis, users are advised to either leave those sections or must have a basic understanding of the subject before practicing them.
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